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What is TAP?

TAP defines the first standard for sending alphanumeric messages to pagers.

 

TAP - Telelocator Alphanumeric Protocol

TAP - IXO Technical Specifications:The standard protocol is ASCll, with X ON, X OFF either direction, using a 10 bit code (1 start, 7 data, even parity, 1 stop). It is recommended that Paging Terminals be equipped to receive 300 baud full duplex data using a Bell 103 compatible modem. Optionally, certain inputs may be capable of receiving 110 baud Bell 103 full duplex, or 300/1200 baud Bell 212 full duplex, utilize CCITT compatabile modems and/or operate at higher speeds. No echo shall be employed in full duplex mode. Any attempts at automatic baud rate determination shall be within the constraints of the specified protocol.

Anomalies in TAP Protocol:
There are thousands of systems worldwide which are capable of accepting alphanumeric messages in the TAP format. Unfortunately, many of these systems are not strictly adhering to all aspects of the protocol. This section contains information to implementors of the protocol at the remote entry device, regarding some of the anomalies which may be found in sending TAP formatted messages into a system. Any new paging terminal implementations should strictly adhere to the protocol and not the anomalies described here.

The <CR> character (Hex 0D) is used as an end-of-line marker in TAP. Some paging terminals have used other "standard" end-of-line markers such as an <LF> (Hex 0A) or a combination of <LF> and <CR>. If the paging terminal sends these characters (<CR>,<LF> ) or character combinations (<CR><LF>,<LF><CR> ) when the Remote Entry Device is expecting to receive a , then the Remote Entry Device should interpret these characters as the end-of-line. NOTE: This means that <LF> characters immediately preceding a <CR> or immediately following a <CR> may be ignored.

Some systems send "ID=" followed by an end-of-line marker while others send "ID=" alone.

The "ID=" logon string is preceded by other text or end-of-line markers on some systems.

The "message continued in the next packet" end of packet indicator ETB (Hex 17) has been implemented as a US (Hex 1F) character in some systems.

Many paging terminals allow a <CR> character to be imbedded in the message text portion of a paging system transaction. In this case the message itself is spread across multiple fields (fields #2, fields #3, etc.) of the transaction block.

Although the TAP transaction block may contain 250 characters of information, the entire block need not be filled if there are fewer characters to be sent to the pager. Trailing spaces should be eliminated from messages in order to conserve "over-the-air" transmission time when the page request is transmitted.

Most pagers allow display formatting characters to be sent to the pager for properly formatting the display. It is recommended that these formatting characters be used (as specified by the pager manufacturer) if display formatting is desired. Extra spaces, dashes(-), underlines(_), and periods(.) should not be used in a message for the purposes of "formatting" the display of a message in order to conserve "over-the-air" transmission time when the page request is transmitted.

There is a message size limitation placed on input in many systems. Some systems may only accept 80 characters, 200 characters, 1000 characters, or another message size limit specified by the particular system operator.

Some systems do not support multi-block messages. In some cases the entire message must fit in one block.

Some systems place a limit on the number of messages which may be sent on a single connection.

Support for non-printable ASCII control characters was added in Version 1.6 of the TAP specification. Many older implementations do not support the non-printable ASCII characters nor do they support control transparency insertion. Some older systems will allow the entry of control-characters if they do not cause a protocol conflict.

The interpretation of, and reaction to, non-printable ASCII control-characters sent to a paging receiver is specific to the model of the paging receiver in use.

The response code numbers prepended to the Optional Message sequences were added in Version 1.6 of the TAP specification. Older implementations do not prepend response codes to the message sequence.

More on TAP...

 

www.tap-ixo.info

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